{"id":604,"date":"2019-12-12T16:40:07","date_gmt":"2019-12-12T16:40:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/?page_id=604"},"modified":"2024-10-09T21:06:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T21:06:14","slug":"download-encoded-texts-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/?page_id=604","title":{"rendered":"LEME Chronology 1475-1755"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

To download an available text, click on its title. Available texts are identified by a red boldface LEME ID. For a detailed listing of all language texts in this period, see the Detailed Primary Bibliography<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Texts are organized chronologically by reigning English monarch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EDWARD IV<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1475  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1602<\/strong>\u00a0 Thomas Wright and Richard Paul <\/a>W\u00fclcker, <\/a>Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies<\/a> <\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The court of Edward IV favoured French<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Anglo-French\ntreaty of Picquiny<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>35,362 pre-1475 OED headwords survive into Early Modern English<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1476 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>William Caxton set up a printing press in Westminster<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1477<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Anthony Woodville, The Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers<\/em>, the first book to be printed in England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

835    <\/strong>The Horse, the Goose, and the Sheep<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1478  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Execution of George, duke of Clarence, in the Tower of London <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1479  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Caxton published the Nova Rhetorica<\/em> and the Epitome<\/em> of Lorenzo Guglielmo Traversagni in 1479-80<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1480<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

537    <\/strong>Pepys MS of the Medulla Grammatice<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

20<\/strong> Description of Britain (Higden)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

19<\/strong>  Caxton, French and English<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1481<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1482<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

RICHARD III<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1483  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Completion of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Edward IV<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Richard III (-1485)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21      <\/strong>Catholicon Anglicum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1484<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Incorporation of the College of Heralds<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HENRY VII<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1485<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Henry VII (-1509)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>English statutes were first printed in two columns, French and English<\/p>\n\n\n\n

838    <\/strong>St. Alban’s Chronicle<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1486<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Birth of Prince Arthur to the King and Elizabeth Woodville<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22<\/strong>      Juliana Berners (attributed), Book of Saint Albans<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1487  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Stanbridge replaces the first humanist Latinist, John Anwykll, at a new grammar school at Magdalen College, Oxford<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Caxton published the Latin grammar by Aelius Donatus, as updated by Antonius Mancinellus<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1488<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1489<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Anglo-Spanish treaty of Medina del Campo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>New statutes were only printed in English (Statutes<\/em>, II, v, 540)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1490<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1491  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Birth of Prince Henry (the future Henry VIII)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1492<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Christopher Columbus discovers the Bahamas and Cuba<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry\nVII invades France<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7\n<\/strong>Peace\nof Etaples<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Wynkyn de Worde succeeds Caxton<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1493<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1494<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1495<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1496  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>“Magnus Intercursus,” a trade agreement between the Netherlands and England <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Holt writes Lac Puerorum<\/em> ca. 1496-1500 (printed 1505) at Lambeth Palace under John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1497  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sebastian Cabot reaches Newfoundland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Rising\nin Cornwall and defeat of the rebels at Blackheath<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Capture of Perkin Warbeck<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Betrothal of Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Destruction of Sheen Palace by fire<\/p>\n\n\n\n

24<\/strong>      de Worde, English and French<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1498<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

25      <\/strong>The Assembly of Gods<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1499  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution of Perkin Warbeck<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Richard Fox, bishop of Durham, in introducing The Contemplation of Sinners <\/em>(1499), describes English as \u201cour grosse natyue langage\u201d in comparison with the perfection of Latin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

947<\/strong>    Sir John Mandeville<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

26<\/strong> The first printed English-Latin dictionary, Promptorium Parvulorum<\/em>, by a Dominican friar of Bishop\u2019s Lynn, Geoffrey the Grammarian (from 1440)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1500  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII’s multilingual secretariat about this time: for Prince Arthur, Bernard Andr\u00e9, Latin poet and historiographer; for Prince Henry, the Anglo-Latin John Skelton \u2013 followed by John Holt and William Hone — and francophone Giles Duwes; a Latin secretary (Silvestro Gigli, followed by Pietro Carmeliano); a royal librarian (Quentin Poulet to 1507, and then William Faques, who commanded a well-stocked library at Richmond); a royal poet in English (Stephen Hawes); and a king\u2019s printer (William Faques).<\/p>\n\n\n

35<\/strong>      Ortus Vocabulorum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

191    <\/strong>Information for Pilgrims<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1501  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon       <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Stanbridge becomes master of the free grammar school at the hospital of St John at Banbury, Oxfordshire<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1502  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Prince Arthur<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of James IV of Scotland and Margaret Tudor<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Holt appointed grammar master to Prince Henry<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1503<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Queen Elizabeth (daughter of Elizabeth Woodville and Edward IV)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1504  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Skelton left court<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1505<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

33<\/strong>      Os Facies mentum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1506 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Joanna and Philip of Castile are shipwrecked in England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1507<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> England and the Netherlands sign a trade agreement <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1508<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sebastian Cabot searches for the northwest passage<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1413<\/strong> John Holt, Lac Puerorum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1497<\/strong> Anonymous, The Book of Carving<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1509  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Henry VII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Henry VIII (-1447)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>St Paul’s School, London, is founded by John Colet, Dean of St. Paul’s <\/p>\n\n\n\n

37<\/strong> Vulgaria by the humanist grammarian, John Stanbridge<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

HENRY VIII<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1510<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Colet founds St Paul’s School and afterward appoints William Lily as its first master<\/p>\n\n\n\n

23  <\/strong>Vocabula by the humanist grammarian, John Stanbridge<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1511<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Erasmus teaches Greek at Cambridge<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII orders the proclamation of the Statre of Winchester to be printed in English<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1442<\/strong>  The Calendar of shepherds<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1512<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> John Skelton describes himself as orator regius<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Erasmus writes De Copia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>England\nat war with France<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1513  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Cardinal Wolsey becomes Chancellor <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII wins the Battle of the Spurs<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The English defeat the Scots at Flodden Field<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Palsgrave appointed schoolmaster to Princess Mary<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>William Lily produces a short Latin syntax, supervised by Erasmus, at John Colet’s request about this time<\/p>\n\n\n\n

883    <\/strong>The Flores of Ovid de arte amandi<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1514  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Mary Tudor marries Louis XII of France<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1515  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Mary Tudor marries Charles Brandon<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Completion of Hampton Court Palace<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The Duke of Albany becomes Protector of Scotland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Ca. 1515-19 the Venetian diplomat, Sebastian Giustinian, said that Henry VIII knew “French, English, and Latin, and a little Italian” and spoke the first three easily<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1516<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Thomas More’s Utopia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1517 <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Evil May Day<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1518 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Peace of London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1519<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> \u201cGrammarians\u2019 war,\u201d about methods of teaching Latin, between grammar-oriented traditionals like Robert Whittington, and imitators of the most eloquent authors  (William Horman, William Lily)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

38<\/strong> William Horman\u2019s Vulgaria<\/em>, English sentences translated into Latin, attacked by Robert Whittington in verses affixed to the door of St Paul\u2019s School<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1520  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Complutensian Bible published (Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek Old Testament, Latin)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII and Francis I meet at the Field of Cloth of Gold<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1521 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Treaty of Bruges<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> The Pope names Henry the Defender of the Faith for his anti-Lutheran Assertio Septem Sacramentorum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> In \u201cSpeke Parott\u201d John Skelton attacks teaching that emphasizes eloquence at the expense of definition of things<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Grammarians William Horman and William Lily attack Robert Whittington in Antibossicon<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

705<\/strong> Alexander Barclay, Introductory to Write and to Pronounce French<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1522<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Charles I visits England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>William Lily dies<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1523<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> English forces occupy Montalidier in France <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1152<\/strong>  John Fitzherbert, Book of Surveying<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

40      <\/strong>John Fitzherbert, Husbandry<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1524<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Rastell’s 88-page Exposicio<\/em>nes t<\/em>ermi<\/em>no<\/em>rum legu<\/em>m anglo<\/em>rum (STC dates it in 1523, and Rastell’s bibliographer, E. J. Devereux, about 1524), the first printed monolingual English word-entries of the beginnings of the legal lexicon<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1525<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Cardinal Wolsey gives Hampton Court to Henry VIII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Palsgrave appointed schoolmaster to Henry Fitzroy, Henry VIII’s illegitimate son <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1261<\/strong>  Fromond List of Garden Plants<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

42      <\/strong>Bankes’s Herbal<\/em>, first printed English herbal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

836<\/strong>    John Rastell, Expositions of the Terms of the Law<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1526<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Anglo-Scottish Peace<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>William Tyndale publishes his English New Testament<\/em> in Worms<\/p>\n\n\n\n

44      <\/strong>Great Herbal<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

45<\/strong> Erasmus, De Misericordia Domini<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1527<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Anglo-French Alliance          <\/p>\n\n\n\n

46<\/strong>      Statutes<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

47<\/strong>      Virtuous Book of Distillation<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1528<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1529<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Legatine court tries the legality of Henry’s Marriage<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Fall of Cardinal Wolsey<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>York Place (later Whitehall) goes to Henry VIII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1530 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Cardinal Wolsey<\/p>\n\n\n\n

49<\/strong>      John Palsgrave, Lesclarcissement<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

50<\/strong>      <\/em>William Tyndale, Old Testament Pentateuch<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1531  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII is titled Supreme Head of the Church in England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sir Thomas Elyot’s The Governor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1463<\/strong>  George Joye, Letters<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1532 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Treaty of Boulogne<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Submission of the clergy to Henry VIII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

43<\/strong> Leonard Cox, Art or Crafte of Rhetoryke<\/em>, the first printed book on its subject<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1533 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage and coronation of Anne Boleyn<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Excommunication of Henry VIII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Birth of Elizabeth <\/p>\n\n\n\n

842<\/strong>    Giles Du Wes, French<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1534  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Jacques Cartier sails up the St. Lawrence River<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Act of Supremacy makes Henry VIII supreme head of the church in England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> William Tyndale publishes his revised New Testament<\/em> in Antwerp<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Nicholas Udall’s Floures for Latine Spekynge \u2026 out of Terence<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

692<\/strong>    William Tyndale, New Testament<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1535<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Executions of Sir Thomas More and John Fisher<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>First English New Testament concordances (by Coverdale)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Suppression of religious houses begins<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reform of the universities<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1536<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution of Anne Boleyn<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII marries Anne Seymour<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Publication of the Ten Articles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Pilgrimage of Grace in the north<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Wales controlled by England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Thomas Cromwell becomes Lord Privy Seal<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution of William Tyndale near Brussels<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1537<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Birth of Edward<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Jane Seymour<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>In Antwerp Matthew Crom prints Tyndale’s translation of half the Old <\/em>Testament<\/em> and the complete New Testament<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1260<\/strong>  Richard Benese, Measuring<\/em><\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

52<\/strong>     Anonymous, Sex Linguarum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1538  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Thomas Cromwell authorizes the Bible in English<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Destruction of images in southern England, including Becket’s shrine in Canterbury<\/p>\n\n\n\n

53<\/strong>      Sir Thomas Elyot, Latin-English Dictionary<\/em>, first using continental scholarship<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

54<\/strong>      William Turner, Re Herbaria Novus<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1539<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Six Articles of Religion<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Publication of the Great (English) Bible (to be placed in all parish churches by 1540)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1540<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Execution of Thomas Cromwell <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of Henry VIII and Anne of Cleves (annulled in July)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of Henry VIII to Catherine Howard<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Regius Professorships of Greek at Oxford and Cambridge<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1541<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Henry VIII becomes King of Ireland <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1542<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII made king of Ireland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution\nof Catherine Howard<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Scottish army attacked England at the Battle of Solway<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Thomas Smith made Regius Professor of Civil Law at Cambridge, arguing that philology and history (not so much authority or precedent) should determine legal interpretation<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Sir Thomas Smith, De recta et emendate linguae anglicae scriptione<\/em>, on spelling reform (unpublished until 1568) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1443<\/strong>  William Lily, Introduction<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

63<\/strong>      Sir Thomas Elyot, Bibliotheca<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1543<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of Henry VIII to Catherine Parr<\/p>\n\n\n\n

56 <\/strong> Robert Recorde, The Work and Practise of Arithmetic<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The King’s Book is published<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Nation-wide required use of Lily’s grammar in teaching<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong>  Bartholomew Traheron, Surgery<\/em>, first book on medicine using the new science<\/p>\n\n\n\n

58<\/strong>  Bartholomew Traheron, Works of Chirurgery<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1544<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>England invades Scotland and France<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry VIII captures Boulogne<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sir John Cheke, the first Regius Professor of Greek at Cambridge, was appointed Edward’s tutor “of toungues, of the scripture, of philosophie and all liberal sciences.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1545<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

884<\/strong>    Slander<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1546<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

803<\/strong>    Thomas Phayer, Regiment of Life<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1547<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Henry VIII<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Edward VI (-1553)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Edward Seymour, earl of Hertford, becomes Lord Protector and duke of Somerset<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Six Articles repealed<\/p>\n\n\n

62<\/strong><\/span>      William Salesbury, English and Welsh<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

61<\/strong>    Robert Recorde, Urinal of Physic<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

EDWARD VI<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1548<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>First Act of Uniformity<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Thomas Cooper expands Elyot\u2019s Bibliotheca<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Chantries Act<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Definitive form of Lily\u2019s grammar appears <\/p>\n\n\n\n

64<\/strong>      William Turner, Names of Herbs<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1549 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>First Book of Common Prayer (by Archbishop Cranmer)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Suppression of Robert Kett’s rebellion in Norfolk and of the Prayer Book rising in the West<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Fall of Somerset<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1393<\/strong>  William Baldwin, Canticles<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1550<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Peace of Boulogne (ending the war with Scotland and France)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Boulogne returned to France<\/p>\n\n\n\n

69<\/strong>      Richard Sherrey, Treatise of Schemes<\/em>, the first in English<\/p>\n\n\n\n

70<\/strong>      <\/em>William Thomas’s Italian Grammar with a Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1551<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Dudley, earl of Warwick, becomes duke of Northumberland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sir John Cheke left an unpublished translation of the New Testament ca. 1551-53 that prefers Old and Middle English words rather than modern words taken from Latin and French<\/p>\n\n\n\n

73<\/strong>  Robert Recorde, The Pathway to Knowledge<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1431<\/strong>  William Thomas, Ab urbe<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

708<\/strong>    John Hart, herald and phonetician, Writing of our English Tongue<\/em> (unpublished), on English spelling reform <\/p>\n\n\n\n

707<\/strong>    Thomas Wilson, The Rule of Reason<\/em> (corrected in 1552 and 1553), proposed a theory of meaning having two definitions, one for things (in classical rhetoric), and a second for the words that named them (the etymon) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1552<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Edward Seymour executed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Second Book of Common Prayer<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Forty-two Articles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Edward VI founds many grammar schools<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7\n<\/strong>Nicholas\nUdall prepares an English edition of Thomas Gemini’s work on anatomy, Compendiosa\ntotius anatomiae delineatio<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

75<\/strong>      Richard\nHowlet (Huloet), Abecedarium<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

76<\/strong>      <\/strong>Jean Veron, Dictionariolum Puerorum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1177<\/strong>  William Copland, Properties of Herbs<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MARY I<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1553<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Withals, Short Dictionary<\/em>, popular through sixteen editions to 1634<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death\nof Edward VI<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Mary Tudor<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Lady\nJane Grey proclaimed queen on July 10 and deposed July 19<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Execution of Northumberland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage treaty between Mary and Philip of Spain<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Repeal of Act of Uniformity<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Restoration of old church service and Catholic bishops<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Protestant leaders go into exile<\/p>\n\n\n\n

77<\/strong>      Piers the Plowman’s Creed<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

67<\/strong>      Pope John XXI, Treasury of Health<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

685<\/strong>  William Langland, Pierce the Ploughmans Crede<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1554<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Suppression of Wyatt’s rebellion against the Spanish marriage<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution of Lady Jane Grey<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Marriage of Mary and Philip <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>William Thomas was hanged, drawn, and quartered for treason<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Mary of Guise, the Queen Mother, becomes Queen of Scotland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

81<\/strong>      Book of English and Spanish<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1555<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Philip leaves England: Parliament rejects his coronation as king of England <\/p>\n\n\n\n

82<\/strong>      Richard Eden, Decades of the New World<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

83<\/strong>      Richard Sherrey, Figures of Grammar<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1556<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Cardinal Pole, papal legate, becomes Archbishop of Canterbury and Thomas Cranmer, his predecessor, burned at the stake<\/p>\n\n\n\n

78<\/strong>      John Withals, Short Dictionary<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

84<\/strong>      Nicholas Smyth, Herodian<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1557<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Philip returns to England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>England, ally of Spain, declares war on France<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Stationers\u2019 Company chartered<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> William Whittingham publishes the New Testament at Geneva <\/p>\n\n\n\n

88<\/strong>      Verba obsoleta et alia<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

833<\/strong>    Verba Anglica Obscura et Glosata<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ELIZABETH I<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1558<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>France captures Calais<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Mary, Queen of Scots, marries the Dauphin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Mary I<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Elizabeth I (17 November 1558-1603)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>An anonymous biography of Sir William Cecil, says that he “never read any Books or Praiers, but in Lattin, French, or Italian: very seldome in English”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

90<\/strong>      Fabian Withers, Art of Chiromancy<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1559<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Matthew Parker becomes Archbishop of Canterbury <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>New Acts of Uniformity and Supremacy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Revised Book of Common Prayer<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1560<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Geneva Bible published<\/p>\n\n\n\n

93<\/strong>      Wm. Whittingham, Geneva-Bible proper names <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1561<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Richard Mulcaster appointed as the first master of the Merchant Taylors\u2019 School in London (until 1586)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

96<\/strong>      Barnabe Googe, Zodiac of Life<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1562<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Thirty-nine Articles<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>England engages in the slave trade<\/p>\n\n\n\n

97<\/strong>      William Bulleyn, Bulwark of Defence<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1563<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Rastell’s Exposition<\/em> was published in thirty editions up to 1742 (in 1607 and after by the Company of Stationers)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1464<\/strong>  Thomas Gale’s Workes of Chirurgerie<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1564<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> England and France sign the Peace of Troyes <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1565<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Thomas Cooper\u2019s Latin-English Thesaurus<\/em>, based on Estienne and Elyot<\/p>\n\n\n\n

102<\/strong>    Arthur Golding, Caesar<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

103<\/strong>    John Hall, Chirurgia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

105<\/strong>    Thomas Peend, Hermaphroditus<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1386<\/strong>  Laurence Nowell, glossing Howlet<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1566<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Archbishop Matthew Parker’s “Advertisements” regularize church ritual<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Vestarian controversy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Birth of James VI, son of Mary Queen of Scots<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Royal Exchange founded in London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 106<\/strong>    David Chalmers, Dictionary of Scots Law<\/em>, dedicated to Mary\nQueen of Scots<\/p>\n\n\n\n

107<\/strong>    John Jones, Dial for all Agues<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1465<\/strong>  Thomas Gale, Certain Works of Galen’s<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1567<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> James VI succeeds Mary, Queen of Scots, as king of Scotland <\/p>\n\n\n\n

109<\/strong>    Thomas Harman, Caveat<\/em>, first work on canting language<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

110<\/strong>    William Lily, Introduction to<\/em> Grammar<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

111<\/strong>    John Maplet, Green Forest<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

65<\/strong>      Laurence Nowell, Vocabularium Saxonicum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1568<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> The Bishops\u2019 Bible<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sir Thomas Smith, De recta et emendate linguae anglicae scriptione<\/em>, on spelling reform<\/p>\n\n\n\n

98<\/strong>      Gerard Legh, Accidence of Armony<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

112<\/strong>    William Turner, Wines<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

799<\/strong>    Andrew Thevet, New Found World<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1569<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sir John Cheke proposes spelling reforms<\/p>\n\n\n\n

116<\/strong>    Niels Hemmingsen, Postle<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

115<\/strong>    John Hart, An Orthography<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1570<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Papal excommunication of Elizabeth I<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Roger Ascham’s The Schoolmaster<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Appointment of George Buchanan, who favoured Latin over Scots, made tutor of James VI<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Dee publishes Euclid’s Elements<\/p>\n\n\n\n

117<\/strong>    Thomas Tymme, Catholic Exposition<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

119<\/strong>    Arthur Golding, Postle<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

120<\/strong>    John Levens, Manipulus Vocabulorum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

121<\/strong>    John Hart, To Read English<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1571<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Enforcement of Thirty-nine Articles against clergy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

124<\/strong>   L. and T. Digges, Pantometria<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

125<\/strong>    Lucas Harrison, Dictionary French and English<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1572  <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Richard Howlet, re-edition of Abcedarium Anglico-Latinum<\/em>, sold for 8s. in 1585<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1466<\/strong>  Thomas Wilson, Discourse upon Usury<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1573<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

128<\/strong>    Claude Hollyband, French Schoolmaster<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

129<\/strong>    Ralph Lever, Art of Reason<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

130<\/strong>    David Powell (attri.), Geography<\/em><\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1394<\/strong>  Thomas Twyne, Breviary of Britain<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1574<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

127<\/strong>    John Baret, Triple Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

131<\/strong>    William Bourne, Regiment for the Sea<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1575<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Edmund Grindal becomes archbishop of Canterbury<\/p>\n\n\n\n

100<\/strong>    John Awdely, Vagabonds<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

136<\/strong>    John Banister, Surgery<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

138<\/strong>    George Gascoigne, Venery<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

140<\/strong>    William Patten, Calender of Scripture<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1576<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Puritans fail in Parliament to reform <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Geneva Bible reissued by Laurence Tomson<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The Theatre opens in Shoreditch<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Thomas Cooper\u2019s Thesaurus<\/em> sold for 23 shillings<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1388<\/strong>  Abraham Fleming, Of English Dogs<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1577<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Raphael Holinshed\u2019s Chronicles<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Grindal refuses to suppress puritan prophesyings<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Curtain Theatre opens in Finsbury<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Francis Drake circumnavigates the globe (to 1580)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

710<\/strong>    Richard Stanihurst, Chronicles<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

875<\/strong>    Wm. Lambarde, Dictionarium Angliae Topographicum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

144<\/strong>    Henry Peacham, Garden of Eloquence<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1578<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

149<\/strong>    Rembert Dodoens, New Herbal<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1400<\/strong>  Thomas Cooper, Thesaurus Linguae Romanae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

147<\/strong>    John Florio, First Fruits<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

146<\/strong> William Bourne, Treasure for Travelers<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1579<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

150<\/strong>    L. and T. Digges, Stratioticos<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

151<\/strong>    John Rastell, Terms of the Law of England<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

152<\/strong>    Edward Kirke, Shepherds’ Calendar<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1580<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, and Christopher Hatton, obtained a monopoly, dated April 25, 1580, for printer Henry Bynneman to print \u201call Dictionaries in all tongues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

155<\/strong>    Jacques Cartier, Navigations<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

159<\/strong>    Simon Pelegromius, Synonymorum Sylva<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

154<\/strong>    William Bullokar, Book at Large<\/em>, proposed a new grammar, a set of readers\nin his alphabet, manuscript form of those characters, and a\ndictionary of different spellings for homophones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1467<\/strong>  John Baret, Alvearie, or, Quadruple Dictionarie (sold for 8s. in 1585)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1581<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Legislation against Roman Catholics in England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution of Edmund Campion<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1290<\/strong>  Stephen Batman, A Note of Saxon Words <\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

160 <\/strong> Pedro de Medina, The Art of Navigation<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

813<\/strong>  William Fleetwood, Forests, Parks, Chases and Free Warrens<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1582<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Establishment of the Accademia della Crusca to regulate the Italian language<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Duai-Rheims (Roman Catholic) Bible<\/p>\n\n\n\n

162<\/strong>    Stephen Batman, Batman upon Bartholomew<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

164<\/strong>    Richard Mulcaster, First Part of the Elementary<\/em>, with 8000 words for “an English ortografie” in reformed spelling with advice on how to enfranchise new words.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

163<\/strong>    Gregory Martin, New Testament<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1583<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Discovery of Somerville plot to assassinate Elizabeth<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> At his death, Henry Bynneman had published Jean Crespin\u2019s Lexicon Graecolatinum<\/em> and part of a Greek-Latin-English dictionary by Morel(ius)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Ralph Newbery and his printer Henry Denham obtained Bynneman\u2019s monopoly for printing dictionaries: they brought out Morelius (1583), Adrianus Junius\u2019 Nomenclator<\/em> (1583), and Veron\u2019s old dictionary (1584), and Cooper (1584) from those patented by Bynneman <\/p>\n\n\n\n

168<\/strong>    Guillaume Morel, Verborum Latinorum cum Graecis<\/em> (sold for 18s. 6d. in 1585)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

169<\/strong>    Philip Barrough, The Method of Physic<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1584<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Philip II, Parma, and the Duke of Guise try to depose Elizabeth and replace her by Mary, Queen of Scots<\/p>\n\n\n\n

990<\/strong>    Veron, Estienne and Fleming, Dictionary in Latin and <\/em>English<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

171<\/strong>    James VI, Essays of a Prentice<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

170<\/strong>    Thomas Hudson, History of Judith<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

257<\/strong>    Mark Ridley, Vulgar Russe Tongue<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1585<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Expulsion of Jesuits and seminarists from England<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John David reaches Baffin Bay (to 1593)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

173<\/strong>    Hadrianus Junius and John Higgins, Nomenclator<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

172<\/strong>    John Blagrave, The Mathematical Jewel<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1027<\/strong>  Ambrogio Calepino, Dictionarium decem linguarum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1586 <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Babington plot, with support of Mary, Queen of Scots, to assassinate Elizabeth <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The Society of Antiquaries forms in London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

649<\/strong>    Angel Day, English Secretary<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

174<\/strong>    William Bullokarz pamphlet for Grammar <\/em>(the first dedicated to English)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1587<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Execution of Mary Queen of Scots<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

178<\/strong>    Leonard Mascall, The First Book of Cattle<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

179<\/strong> Thomas Thomas, Dictionarium Linguae Latinae<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1588<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The Spanish Armada destroyed at sea<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> \u201cMartin Marprelate\u201d accuses Cooper of plagiarizing Elyot, Estienne, and others in Thesaurus<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

180<\/strong>    Edward Bulkeley, Answer<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

714<\/strong>    Thomas Harriot, New Found Land of Virginia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

137<\/strong>    Timothy Bright, Charactery<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1468<\/strong>  Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer, Mariners’ Mirror<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1589<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

184<\/strong>    George Puttenham, Art of English Poesy<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

185<\/strong>    Thomas Blundeville, Universal Maps and Cards<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

186<\/strong>    John Rider, Bibliotheca Scholastica<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

228<\/strong>    Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages and Discoveries of the English Nation<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1590<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene<\/em>, Books I-III<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Thomas D\u2019Oylie\u2019s Spanish grammar and Spanish-Latin-English dictionary (lost) entered in Stationers\u2019 Register<\/p>\n\n\n\n

539<\/strong>    Peter Bales, Writing Schoolmaster<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

190<\/strong>    John del Corro, The Spanish Grammar<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

193<\/strong>    William Vallans, A Tale of Two Swans<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

192<\/strong>    Cyprian Lucar, Lucarsolace<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1420<\/strong>  Anonymous, The Cobbler of Canterbury<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1591<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

196<\/strong>    Robert Greene, Cosenage<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

195<\/strong>    Leonard Digges, Pantometria<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

200<\/strong>    Robert Greene, Second Part of Coney-Catching<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

199<\/strong>    William Stepney, The Spanish School-Master<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

198<\/strong>    Richard Perceval, Bibliotheca Hispanica<\/em>, containing D\u2019Oylie\u2019s work<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1494<\/strong>  William Camden, The Etymologie and Original of Barons<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1456<\/strong>  George Ripley, The Compound of Alchemy<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1592<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

201<\/strong>    Robert Greene, The Black Book’s Messenger<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

204<\/strong>    Robert Tanner, Use of the Sphere<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

203<\/strong>    Thomas Nashe, Strange News<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1593<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Elizabeth translates Boethius’s Consolation of Philosophy<\/em> from the Latin in 25 days<\/p>\n\n\n\n

203<\/strong>    Thomas Harman, Groundwork of Conny-catching<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

209<\/strong>    Henry Peacham, Garden of Eloquence<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

206<\/strong>    Gabriel Harvey, Piers’ Supererogation<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

205<\/strong><\/span> Claudius Hollyband, Dictionary French and English<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

207<\/strong>    John Udall, The Key of the Holy Tongue<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

208<\/strong>    John Norden, Speculum Britanniae: Middlesex<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1146<\/strong>  John Eliot, Ortho-epia Gallica: Eliot’s Fruits for the<\/em> French<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1594<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

212<\/strong>    Paul Greaves, Grammatica Anglicana<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

211<\/strong>    Thomas Blundeville, Exercises<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1555<\/strong>    Robert Dudley, Aroaca, Sermo Indianus<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1595<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Sir Walter Raleigh reaches Trinidad<\/p>\n\n\n\n

214<\/strong>    Abraham Hartwell, The History of the Wars between the Turks and the Persians<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

215<\/strong>    Andrew Duncan, Latinorum Grammaticae Pars Prior<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1596<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Richard Mulcaster became headmaster of St Paul\u2019s School in London   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

216<\/strong>    Edmund Coote, The English Schoolmaster<\/em>, the first hard-words dictionary (54 editions by 1737)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1597<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Francis Bacon’s Essays <\/em>(enlarged in 1612 and 1625)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

219<\/strong>    Anonymous, Exposition of Obscure Words<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

221<\/strong>    John Gerard, Herbal<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

847    <\/strong>John Skene, De Verborum Significatione, the first published dictionary of Scots law<\/p>\n\n\n\n

123<\/strong>    Simon Sturtevant, The Latin Nomenclator<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

529<\/strong>    Peter Bales, The Art of Brachygraphy<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1598<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Death of William Cecil, Lord Burghley <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>James VI in this year and the next wrote Basilikon Doron<\/em>, his book on kingship, intended for his son Prince Henry<\/p>\n\n\n\n

233<\/strong>    Thomas Rogers, Celestial Elegies<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

231<\/strong>    John Florio, A World of Words<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

226<\/strong>    Thomas Bastard, Chrestoleros<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

265<\/strong>    Jacob Mosan, Praxis Medicinae Universalis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1127<\/strong>  John Norden, Speculi Britaniae Pars: Hertfordshire<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

225<\/strong>    Robert Barret, The Theoric and Practice of Modern Wars<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

232<\/strong>    John Marston, Scourge of Villainy<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

268<\/strong>    Thomas Speight, Works of Geoffrey Chaucer<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

228<\/strong>    Jacques Cartier, Principal Navigations<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1553<\/strong>   Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques, and Discoveries of the English Nation<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1486<\/strong>  Robert Cotton, The Etymology, Antiquity and Privilege of Castles<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1599<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

236<\/strong>    Oswald Gabelkouer, Book of Physic<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1438<\/strong>  Simon Stevin, The Haven-finding Art<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

237<\/strong><\/span>    John Minsheu, A Dictionary in Spanish and English<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1444<\/strong>  John Minsheu, A Dictionarie in English and Spanish<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1445<\/strong>  Thomas Blundeville, The Art of Logic<\/em>, which repeated Thomas Wilson’s theory of meaning<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1483<\/strong>  Robert Cotton, Of the Antiquity, Etymology, and Privilege of Towns<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1488 <\/strong> Robert Cotton, Of Dimension of Land<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1489<\/strong>  Arthur Agard, Dimensions of the Land of England<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1513<\/strong>  Angell Day, The English Secretary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1600<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>East India Company established by royal charter<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>William Gilbert, De Magnete<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

800<\/strong>    William Fulbecke, Study of the Law<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

258<\/strong>    Philemon Holland, The Roman History<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1487<\/strong>  Robert Cotton, Of the Antiquity of Motts and Words, with Arms of Noblemen and Gentlemen of England<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1558<\/strong>  Gregory Martin,New Testament Glosses<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1601<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Robert Devereux, earl of Essex, executed for treason<\/p>\n\n\n\n

238<\/strong>    John Thorius, Theatre of the Earth<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

259<\/strong>    Philemon Holland, History of the World<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

264<\/strong>    L. W. C., How to Know the Age of a Horse<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

265<\/strong>    Jacob Neck, Journal<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1602<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

271<\/strong>    John Tapp, Seaman’s Calendar<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

269<\/strong>    Benjamin Jonson, Poetaster or the Arraignment<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

JAMES I<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1603<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Toleration granted to Roman Catholics<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Union of England and Scotland<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Elizabeth I dies<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of James I<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The King’s Basilikon Doron<\/em> in English urges his son Henry “to write in your owne language: for there is nothing left to be saide in Greeke and Latine already,” and says that the king’s duty is to “purifie” his own tongue<\/p>\n\n\n\n

275<\/strong>    Philemon Holland, Morals<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

273<\/strong>    John Florio, Essays<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1604<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Queen Anne appointed John Florio her private secretary and reader in Italian<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>At the Hampton Court Conference, James commanded a new translation of the Bible, one that did not use hard words, and rebuffs Puritan reforms to bishops<\/p>\n\n\n\n

701<\/strong>    Jos\u00e9 de Acosta, East and West Indies<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

276<\/strong>    Robert Cawdrey, Table Alphabetical<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

277<\/strong>    Robert Norton, Mathematical Appendix<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1490<\/strong>  Arthur Agard, Of the diversity of Names of this Island<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1492<\/strong>  William Camden, Of the diversity of names of this Island<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1493<\/strong> William Camden, Of the Antiquity, Office and Privilege of Heralds in England<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1605<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Gunpowder Plot by Guy Fawkes to blow up Parliament discovered<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Francis Bacon’s Advancement of Learning<\/em> reproves “fantastical learning,” which studies “eloquence, and copie of speech\u201d (copia<\/em>), “words, and not matter\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

279<\/strong>    Josuah Sylvester, Divine Weeks<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

278<\/strong>    William Camden, Remains<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

281<\/strong>    Richard Verstegan, Restitution of Decayed Intelligence<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1606<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

222<\/strong>    Francis Holyoake, Rider’s Dictionary<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

284<\/strong>    Henry Spelman, Archaismus Graphicus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1607<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Jamestown was founded in Virginia<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry Hudson discovers Hudson Bay (-1611)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

197<\/strong>    John Harington, Orlando Furioso<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

285<\/strong>    John Cowell, The Interpreter<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1204<\/strong>  Francis Tate, English Words usual in the Marches of Wales<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1469<\/strong>  Edward Topsell, The History of Four-footed Beasts<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1608<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Alexander Gill was appointed master of St Paul’s School, following Richard Mulcaster <\/p>\n\n\n\n

287<\/strong>    Thomas Dekker, Lanthorn and Candle-light<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

289<\/strong>    Thomas James, Two Short Treatises<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1270 <\/strong>Josuah Sylvester, Bartas His divine Weeks<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

288<\/strong>    Thomas Dekker, The Bellman of London<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1556<\/strong>    Edward Topsell, Of Serpents<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1609<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Ulster (Northern Ireland) settled by English and Scottish protestants<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1479<\/strong> Robert and Thomas Cawdrey, A table Alphabetical<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1610<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Objections from Parliament lead James to reprimand John Cowell for his words on the right of kings in The Interpreter<\/em> (1607), a dictionary of English civil law: the book is burned, Cowell loses his Regius Professorship, and the king is embarrassed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7<\/strong> Recommended by William Camden, Minsheu obtains a royal patent for 21 years to publish Ductor in Linguas<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

293<\/strong>    Edmund Bolton, in Elements of Armories<\/em>, wishes “there were a Tribunal, and Magistrate for wordes, that it might not be in euery witts-will, donare ciuitate ANGLICANA<\/em>, to make words, & phrases free of ENGLAND.\u201d<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1138<\/strong>  William Camden and Philemon Holland, Britain<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

296<\/strong>    Samuel Rid, Martin Mark-all<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

702<\/strong>  W Folkingham, Feudigraphia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1611<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The Authorized Version of the English Bible was published<\/p>\n\n\n\n

299<\/strong>    John Florio, Queen Anna’s New World of Words<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1407<\/strong>  Josuah Sylvester. Divine Weeks and Judith<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

298<\/strong>    Randle Cotgrave, Dictionary of the French and English Tongues<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

297<\/strong>    Miles Smith, The Holy Bible<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1612<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Prince Henry<\/p>\n\n\n\n

690<\/strong>    Samuel Rid, Art of Juggling<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

308<\/strong>    Thomas Wilson, Christian Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

305<\/strong>    William Strachey, History of Travel into Virginia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

850<\/strong>    John Smith, Map of Virginia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

689<\/strong>    Thomas Dekker, O per se O<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

182<\/strong>    Anonymous, Rawlinson MS Glossary<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1613<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Princess Elizabeth marries Frederick, Elector Palatine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1426<\/strong>  Robert Cawdrey, Table Alphabetical<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1614<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>John Napier invents logarithms<\/p>\n\n\n\n

312<\/strong> Gervase Markham, Cheap and Good Husbandry<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

318<\/strong>    William Bedwell, Mohammedis imposturae<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

321<\/strong>    Symon Latham, Latham’s Falconry<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1615<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Henry Carew, in \u201cThe Excellency of the English Tongue,\u201d praises English for its economical monosyllabic base <\/p>\n\n\n\n

317<\/strong>    William Welde, Ianua Linguarum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

322<\/strong>    Robert Recorde, Ground of Arts<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1616<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of William Shakespeare<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>To inherit land, the Gaelic Scots had to speak, read, and write English  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

323<\/strong>    John Bullokar, English Expositor<\/em>, third hard-word dictionary after Coote and Cawdrey<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1379<\/strong>  Walter Hinds, British Romani Vocabulary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1427<\/strong>  Aaron Rathborne, The Surveyor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1617<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Worshipful Society of Apothecaries incorporated in London<\/p>\n\n\n\n

820<\/strong> Robert Cawdrey, Table Alphabetical<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

329<\/strong>    John Woodall, Surgeon’s Mate<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

326<\/strong>    John Minsheu, Ductor in Linguas<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

272<\/strong>    Alexander Hume, Orthography of the Britan Tongue<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

328<\/strong>    Robert Robinson, Art of Pronunciation<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1618<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Declaration of Sports<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Thirty Years’ War begins<\/p>\n\n\n\n

330<\/strong>    Thomas Cartwright, Confutation <\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1619<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of Queen Anna<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1428<\/strong>  J. T., Hunting of the Pox<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

331<\/strong>    Alexander Gill, Logonomia Anglica<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1620<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Pilgrims on the Mayflower arrives in America<\/p>\n\n\n\n

334<\/strong>    Richard James, Russian-English vocabulary<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1621<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>The first English-language newspaper, the Corante,<\/em> translated from the Dutch<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1390<\/strong>  John Bullokar, English Expositor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

333<\/strong>    Henry Mainwaring, Nomenclator Navalis<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

335<\/strong>    John Evans, Palace of Profitable Pleasure<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1622<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1130<\/strong>  Peter Burton, Description of Leicestershire<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1623<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n

343<\/strong>   Henry Cockeram, English Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

661<\/strong>    Anonymous, Dictionary English and Latin<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

342<\/strong>    John Locke, Philosophical definitions <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1624<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>England at war with Spain<\/p>\n\n\n\n

345<\/strong>    John Aspley, Speculum Nauticum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

347<\/strong>    John Huise, Perfect Survey of the English <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1247<\/strong>  Nathaniel De Lawne, Elements of Logic<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1429<\/strong>  Robert Norton, Of the Art of Great Artillery<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1625<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Death of James I<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Over 97,800 OED headwords were used in Early Modern English from 1475 to 1625<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a7 <\/strong>Reign of Charles I (-1649)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

723<\/strong>    Samuel Purchas, Purchas his Pilgrims<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1430<\/strong>  John Minsheu, Ductor in Linguas<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

923<\/strong>  D. Gordon, Pharmaco-pinax<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1626<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

351<\/strong>  John Dodderidge, Glossary of Proper First Names <\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1627<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

362<\/strong>  John Smith, A Sea Grammar<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1632<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

366<\/strong>  William Watts, The Swedish Intelligencer <\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1633<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

371<\/strong>  Thomas Johnson, The Herbal or General History of Plants<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1634<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

378<\/strong>  William Wood, New Englands Prospect<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1635<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

380<\/strong>  Gerhard Mercator, Historia Mundi; or Mercator’s Atlas<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1636<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1433<\/strong>  Alexander Read, A Treatise of the Muscles of the Whole Body<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1639<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1397<\/strong>  Company of Distillers of London, The Distiller of London<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1641<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1286<\/strong>  John Bullokar, An English Expositor<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1642<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

407<\/strong>  Henry More, Psychodia Platonica<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

386<\/strong>  William Ames, The Marrow of Sacred Divinity<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1644<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

412<\/strong>  Anonymous, Vindex Anglicus or the Perfections of the English Language<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

411<\/strong>  Richard Symons, Cornish-English Glossary (ca. 1644 – ca. 1645)<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1645<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

414<\/strong>  Thomas Urquhart, The Trissotetras<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

415<\/strong>  Nicholas Stone, Enchiridion of Fortification<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1646<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

417<\/strong>  Richard Boothby, A Brief Discovery or Description of the Most Famous Island of Madagascar<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1647<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

426<\/strong>  Henry Hexham, A Copious English and Netherdutch Dictionary Composed out of our Best English Authors<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1650<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

437<\/strong>  Michael Sendivogius, A Chemical Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1652<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

450<\/strong>  Robert Pemell, Tractatus de Simplicium Medicamentorum Facultatibus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

848<\/strong>  Anonymous, A New Model or the Conversion of the Infidel Terms of the Law<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

423<\/strong> Alexander Grosse, A Fiery Pillar of Heavenly Truth<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

429<\/strong>  Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1653<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

454<\/strong>  Edward Manlove, The Liberties and Customs of the Lead-mines within the Wapentake of Wirksworth in the County of Derby<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

453<\/strong>  Fran\u00e7ois Pierre de La Varenne, The French Cook<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1655<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

470<\/strong>  Lazare Rivi\u00e8re, The Practice of Physic<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

473<\/strong> William Bagwell, The Mystery of Astronomy<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1656<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

869<\/strong>  Peter Heylyn, Observations on the History of the Reign of King Charles<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

478<\/strong>  Thomas Blount, Glossographia or a Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

477<\/strong>  Anonymous, The Academy of Pleasure<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

486<\/strong>  Roger Dodsworth, Villare Anglicum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1657<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

489<\/strong>  John Garfield, A Physical Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1399<\/strong>  Oswald Croll, Philosophy Reformed and Improved<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

494<\/strong>  Joshua Poole, The English Parnassus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

487<\/strong>  John Sergeant, The Mystery of Rhetoric Unveiled<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1658<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

497<\/strong>  Edward Phillips, The New World of English Words<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1659<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

506<\/strong>  John Tanner, The Hidden Treasures of the Art of Physic<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1662<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

635<\/strong>  John Heydon, English Physician’s Guide or the Holy Guide<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

166<\/strong>7<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1574<\/strong> Christopher Simpson, Chelys<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1668<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

523<\/strong>  John Wilkins, An Essay towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1669<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

741<\/strong>  John Worlidge, Systema Agriculturae<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

618<\/strong>  Pamphilus Hesychius, The History of Moderation<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1670<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1404<\/strong>  John Pettus, Fodinae Regales<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1672<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

536<\/strong>  John Aubrey, Hard Words in Music<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

948<\/strong>  William Hughes,  The American Physician <\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1673<\/strong> <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

541<\/strong>  Thomas Blount, A world of Errors<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

542<\/strong>  Richard Head, The Canting Academy<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

544<\/strong>  John Ogilby, Asia, the First Part<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1674<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

747<\/strong>  Elisha Coles, The Complete English Schoolmaster<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

545<\/strong>  John Ray, A Collection of English Words not Generally Used<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

749<\/strong> Henry Preston, Brief Directions for True Spelling<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1677<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1238<\/strong>  William Lucas, A Catalogue of Seeds, Plants<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

561<\/strong>  Joseph Moxon, Mechanic Exercises<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

56<\/strong>3  William Williams, Poetical Piety<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

555<\/strong>  Elisha Coles, An English Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1678<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1573<\/strong> Louis de Gaya, The art of war and the way that it is at present practised in France<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1679<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

844<\/strong>  James Moxon, Mathematical Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1680<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1398<\/strong>  S. G., The Royal Charter of Confirmation Granted by King Charles II to the City of London<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1681<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

570<\/strong>   Thomas Houghton, Rara Avis in Terris or the Complete Miner<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1683<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1392<\/strong>  William Salmon, Doron Medicum: Supplement to the New London Dispensatory<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

575<\/strong>   Lazarus Ercker, Fleta Minor the Laws of Art and Nature in Knowing, Judging, Assaying, Fining, Refining and Enlarging the Bodies of Confined Metal<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

561<\/strong>   Joseph Moxon,  Mechanick Exercises: Or, the Doctrine of Handy-works<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1684<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

826<\/strong>  Thomas Willis, Dr. Willis’s Practice of Physic<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

316<\/strong>  Henry Spelman, Of the Original of Terms or Law-days<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

577<\/strong>  Steven Blankaart, A Physical Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1685<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

767<\/strong>  George Meriton, The Praise of Yorkshire Ale<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1575<\/strong>  John Mayow, Rhachitidologia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1578<\/strong>  Nicolas Venette, The Art of Pruning<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1686<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

865<\/strong>  William Aglionby, Painting Illustrated in Three Dialogues<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1688<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

825<\/strong>  Thomas Shadwell, Squire of Alsatia<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

588<\/strong>  Reginald Pecock, A Treatise Proving Scripture to Be the Rule of Faith<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

523<\/strong>  John Wilkins, An Essay towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language<\/em><\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1689<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

680<\/strong>  Richard Hogarth, Gazophylacium Anglicanum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

591<\/strong>  Richard Cox, Hibernia Anglicana<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1690<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

595<\/strong>  Mary Evelyn, Mundus Mulierbris: or, The Ladies’ Dressing-room Unlocked<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1406<\/strong>  Anonymous, A Clavis to the Foregoing Dialogue<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1691<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1220<\/strong>  John Ray, A Collection of English Words not Generally Used<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

596<\/strong>  Anonymous, Mundus Foppensis or the Fop Displayed<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1692<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

827<\/strong>  Vitruvius, An Abridgment of the Architecture of Vitruvius<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1693<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

604<\/strong>  Jean de La Quintinie, The Complete Gardener<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

605<\/strong>  James Wallace, A Description of the Isles of Orkney<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1208<\/strong>  Edmund Bohun, A Geographical Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1586<\/strong>  Marshall Smith, The art of Painting<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1695<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

612<\/strong>  John Narbrough, The Mariner’s Jewel<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

684<\/strong>  White Kennett, Parochial Antiquities<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

967<\/strong>  William Salmon,  The Family Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1696<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1402<\/strong>  Eustache Le Noble, Abra-Mul\u00e8 or a True History of the Dethronement of Mahomet IV<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1401<\/strong>  Jacques de Solleysel, The Parfait Mareschal or Compleat Farrier<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1572<\/strong>  Hannah Woolley, The Accomplished Ladies Delight<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1698<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

828<\/strong>  Publius Cornelius Tacitus, The Annals and History of Cornelius Tacitus<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

832<\/strong>  Thomas Hearne, Ductor Historicus or a Short System of Universal History<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1699<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

614<\/strong>  Edward Hatton, The Merchant’s Magazine Dictionary of Merchandise and Trade<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

617<\/strong>  B. E., A New Dictionary of the Terms Ancient and Modern of the Canting Crew<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1702<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

834<\/strong>  John Kersey the younger, A New English Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

170<\/strong>6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1383<\/strong>  John Davis, Vocabulary of the Massachusetts (or Natick) Indian Language<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1710<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1306<\/strong>  Henry Kelsey, A Dictionary of the Hudson’s Bay Indian Language<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

171<\/strong>8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

1350<\/strong> John Ray, A List of Local Words<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

1719<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1376<\/strong>  John Aubrey, The Natural History and Antiquities of the County of Surrey<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1720<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1354<\/strong>  Allan Ramsay,  Allan Ramsay’s Poems<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1726<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1316<\/strong>  Nathan Bailey, An Introduction to the English Tongue<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

173<\/strong>1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1576<\/strong> John Arbuthnot, An Essay concerning the Nature of Aliments<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1735<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1326<\/strong>  Benjamin Norton Defoe, A New English Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1377<\/strong>  William Wotton, Wotton’s Short View of George Hickes’s Grammatico-Critical and Archaeological Treasure of the Ancient Northern Languages<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1737<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1349<\/strong>  Nathan Bailey, Universal Etymological English Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1746<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1352<\/strong>  John Collier, A View of the Lancashire Dialect<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1747<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1351<\/strong>  Josiah Relph, A Miscellany of Poems<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1752<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1382<\/strong>  David Hume, Scotticisms<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1755<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1345<\/strong>  Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary of the English Language<\/em> <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Note: Johnson (1755) is now Downloadable<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1378<\/strong>  Mary Johnson, Madam Johnson’s Present<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1346<\/strong> Joseph Nicol Scott, A New Universal Etymological English Dictionary<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

To download an available text, click on its title. Available texts are identified by a red boldface LEME ID. For a detailed listing of all language texts in this period, see the Detailed Primary Bibliography. Texts are organized chronologically by reigning English monarch. EDWARD IV 1475  1602\u00a0 Thomas Wright and Richard Paul W\u00fclcker, Anglo-Saxon and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-604","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=604"}],"version-history":[{"count":615,"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2436,"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/604\/revisions\/2436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/leme.utoronto.ca\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}